FROM DATA TO WISDOM: MAPPING THE SEMANTIC SPECTRUM OF KNOWLEDGE IN CONTEMPORARY PHILOSOPHY AND COGNITIVE SCIENCE

Abstract

The development of modern science requires a rethinking of the content of knowledge. Although the digital era has dramatically increased the volume of information, this does not always lead to a deep understanding or volume of wisdom. This article analyzes the semantic differences between knowledge and related categories such as information, information, beliefs, articles, and wisdom from the perspective of modern philosophy and cognitive science. The study is based on the DIKW (Data–Information–Knowledge–Wisdom) model, which creates conceptual boundaries of knowledge through epistemological theories and neurocognitive integration. The results show that knowledge is a multi-layered structure, consisting of a unity of semantic, epistemic, and axiological components