EARLY DETECTION AND PREVENTION OF IRON-DEFICIENCY ANEMIA DURING PREGNANCY: MODERN APPROACHES IN OBSTETRIC CARE

Abstract

Iron-deficiency anemia is one of the most common nutritional disorders during pregnancy and remains an important problem in obstetric care. Increased iron requirements during pregnancy, inadequate dietary intake, impaired iron absorption, and pre-existing iron deficiency may contribute to the development of anemia. If not detected and managed in time, it may negatively affect maternal well-being and pregnancy outcomes. This article examines the importance of early detection and prevention of iron-deficiency anemia during pregnancy, with particular attention to laboratory assessment, identification of risk factors, nutritional measures, iron and folic acid supplementation, and antenatal monitoring. Early screening based on hemoglobin and other relevant laboratory indicators allows timely identification of women at increased risk and supports appropriate preventive or therapeutic interventions. A systematic approach combining nutritional counseling, supplementation, laboratory monitoring, and individualized obstetric care can contribute to reducing the burden of iron deficiency and improving maternal and fetal health outcomes