TRANSLATION PROBLEMS OF METAPHORS AND SYMBOLS

Abstract

This chapter examines the translation problems of metaphors and symbols in literary texts. It analyzes the linguistic, cultural, and stylistic difficulties that arise during the translation of figurative language from one language to another. Particular attention is given to the differences between English and Uzbek metaphorical systems, cultural symbolism, and conceptual structures. The chapter also discusses theoretical approaches proposed by scholars such as George Lakoff, Mark Johnson, Peter Newmark, I. A. Richards, Clifford Geertz, and Zoltán Kövecses. Furthermore, various translation strategies, including literal translation, adaptation, substitution, and paraphrasing, are explored in order to demonstrate effective ways of preserving metaphorical and symbolic meaning in translation. The study concludes that successful translation of figurative language requires both linguistic competence and deep cultural awareness