PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF IMMUNE SYSTEM IMBALANCE AND CHRONIC INFLAMMATION IN THE POST-COVID-19 PERIOD

Abstract

This article provides an in-depth analysis of the pathophysiological mechanisms of immune system imbalance and chronic inflammation that occur in the period after COVID-19 infection. The main factors that play a role in the development of post-COVID syndrome, including T-lymphocyte dysfunction, cytokine imbalance, immune system "exhaustion", oxidative stress and autoimmune processes, are widely covered. It also examines how low-grade but long-lasting forms of chronic inflammation damage the tissues of the body, and their relationship with the mechanisms of microcirculation disorders and hypoxia. The article also analyzes modern scientific areas such as neuroinflammation, changes in the intestinal microbiota and viral persistence. The multisystem lesions that occur in the period after COVID-19 and their clinical significance are substantiated. The results of the study show that long-term imbalance in the immune system and chronic inflammation are one of the main pathogenetic mechanisms of post-COVID syndrome. This work serves as an important scientific basis for a deeper understanding of post-COVID syndrome, its diagnosis, and the development of effective treatments